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              <text>Following the conclusion of the summer pilot phase for our routine COVID-19 testing program, the University launched an even more comprehensive fall testing program on Monday, Aug. 24. I write today with an initial update to the community on our results to date, as students and employees approved to be on campus continue to visit our two testing locations with the start of the fall term approaching.&#13;
&#13;
Since Aug. 24, we have enrolled in the testing program 6,375 members of the Brown community who are studying, working or living on campus as part of our phased return to in-person operations. By the end of the day on Tuesday, Sept. 1, we had completed approximately 6,000 tests at the Olney-Margolies Athletic Center (OMAC) and One Davol Square testing sites. As of that same timeframe, results for more than 5,400 of those tests had been returned, with the others still to be processed.&#13;
&#13;
Out of those approximately 5,400 tests, we have had a total of five positive results. Among those five, some of these positive results represent not newly detected cases, but prior infections of COVID-19 diagnosed at earlier points within the past 90 days — during that timeframe after diagnosis, a person can shed virus particles that are detected by a previous test, even though the individual is no longer contagious. (And consistent with CDC guidance, individuals who test positive should generally not be tested for the next 90 days.)&#13;
&#13;
While the low rate of positive asymptomatic tests is reassuring, it is by no means an indication that our individual or community vigilance with regard to health and safety measures should relax. It is an indication that the efforts we are all making every day -- wearing masks, washing our hands, maintaining social distancing, staying home when sick or exposed, participating in the testing program -- are working and that we need to continue those efforts to best protect ourselves, the Brown community, and our broader Providence and Rhode Island communities as well.&#13;
&#13;
In general, the feedback we have received regarding the testing sites and process itself has been positive, and we have continued to make improvements based on participant feedback and suggestions. We have also been monitoring the timeliness of results closely. The Broad Institute picks up test samples from both of our testing sites twice a day, and those samples arrive in their Cambridge, Massachusetts, lab facility in the late afternoon or evening on the same day each test is conducted. For the most part, the Broad Institute has delivered results within 24 hours of the sample arriving at the lab -- so typically with 24 to 36 hours following the test. That is consistent with what we anticipated but remains a metric of success that we will assess on a daily basis.&#13;
&#13;
As some participants are aware, we have some challenges with the online scheduling process. A significant system update to the Healthy at Work / School web application was implemented this week, and we believe that challenges to the scheduling process have been resolved. Some of these were related to the change in testing cadence from the summer pilot, when we were sampling the population and selecting participants at random for tests -- as opposed to the fall program, through which all participants are tested either once or twice a week.&#13;
&#13;
Concurrent with the launch of the testing program, we are also in the latter stages of finalizing a public dashboard that will share data on testing results and the prevalence of the virus on campus. We look forward to sharing that dashboard with the full community shortly.&#13;
&#13;
In the interim, you can find additional details and a growing set of FAQs on the Testing &amp; Tracing section of the Healthy Brown website at https://healthy.brown.edu/testing-tracing.&#13;
&#13;
I want to thank all students, faculty and staff who have participated in routine testing to date for their diligence in completing the symptom tracker, scheduling and taking tests, and for their patience as we work through the successful launch of a program with significant scale and complexity. Similarly, I deeply appreciate the efforts of the many colleagues at Brown who are working hard every day to support the program for all participants.&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Russell C. Carey&#13;
Executive Vice President, Planning and Policy</text>
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              <text>Five out of 5,400 COVID-19 test results of Brown community members were positive as of Sept. 1.&#13;
&#13;
6,375 members of the Brown community who are studying, living or working on campus were enrolled in the University’s testing program, which began Aug. 24, according to a community wide email from Executive Vice President for Planning and Policy Russell Carey ’91 sent Wednesday.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
By the end of Tuesday, Sept. 1, the program completed “approximately 6,000 tests” at the Olney-Margolies Athletic Center and Jewelry District testing sites, of which 5,400 have been returned as results.&#13;
&#13;
Community members enrolled in the program receive routine testing either once or twice a week, depending on whether they are classified as high contact or medium contact, The Herald previously reported. The five tests corresponded to results from five different community members. The email did not specify the exact dates when the tests that delivered positive results were administered, only that the testing period was between Aug. 24 and Sept 1.&#13;
&#13;
Only 10 of the tests were “indeterminate,” according to University spokesperson Brian Clark. Indeterminate results are tests that could not be processed for various reasons.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
“Some of the positive results represent prior infections of COVID-19 over the past 90 days, during which time a person can shed virus particles that are subsequently picked up by the test, even though the individual is no longer contagious,” Carey wrote in the email. “Consistent with CDC guidance, when an individual tests positive through routine or other testing, they will not be tested for the next 90 days.”&#13;
&#13;
Carey also wrote that administrators have “experienced challenges with the online scheduling process,” causing problems for community members when signing up for a test. He attributed some of these challenges to a system update in Verily, the 3rd party vendor that schedules the University’s tests. That update took place Tuesday night.&#13;
&#13;
Other challenges “have been related to the change in testing cadence from the summer pilot, when we were sampling the population and selecting participants at random for tests, to the fall when all participants are tested either once or twice a week,” he wrote.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology collects tests from the two testing sites twice a day. The samples arrive at the laboratory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the evening of the day they were collected, Carey wrote.&#13;
&#13;
“While the low rate of positive asymptomatic tests is reassuring, it is by no means an indication that our individual or community vigilance with regard to health and safety measures should relax,” Carey wrote.&#13;
&#13;
This is a developing story. Check back for updates.</text>
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              <text>Where students once climbed onto the roof for an evening of soccer under the stars, where athletes huddled together to chat with their teammates during practices and navigated the track and courts, the Olney-Margolies Athletic Center has now become a primary gathering spot for the Brown community — in a very different way.&#13;
&#13;
There, many University students and staff are learning to follow a set of equally spaced-out arrows along the floor and swab their nasal passages, instead of dribbling basketballs, as the University tallies positive and negative test results.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
There have been five positive tests from 5,400 results that have come back thus far from Brown community members who have already initiated their asymptomatic testing at the OMAC or Brown’s second testing center, 1 Davol Square. &#13;
&#13;
Over 6,000 University community members have received tests at the two locations from Aug. 24. through Sept. 1 as part of the academic year testing process, according to a Sept. 2 email from Executive Vice President for Planning and Policy Russell Carey ’91. To date, 6,375 University students, faculty and staff have enrolled in testing.&#13;
&#13;
“While the low rate of positive asymptomatic tests is reassuring, it is by no means an indication that our individual or community vigilance with regard to health and safety measures should relax,” Carey wrote.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The University’s current testing process was built off of information gathered during the University’s summer testing pilot, which reported under five positive results from around 3,100 total tests, according to an Aug. 28 Today@Brown Announcement from Provost Richard Locke P’18 and Executive Vice President for Finance and Administration Barbara Chernow ’79. &#13;
&#13;
“We have worked hard to improve the test scheduling process, speed up turnaround times for test results, strengthen the process for delivering test results to participants, and refine the approach to the web-based screening survey through which participants report symptoms,” they wrote in the announcement summarizing summer testing results.&#13;
&#13;
Still, due to the transition from randomized testing to required weekly or semiweekly testing, some testing participants had difficulties with the scheduling process over the past week. Some returning students mistakenly received emails, reviewed by The Herald, indicating that they had not followed testing and symptom tracking procedures and stated that if they did not remedy the alleged mistake, the matter would be “referred to the Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards and you may face disciplinary action.” &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
But Carey added that Verily, the company working with the University to manage testing logistics, has updated their system, mostly resolving this issue. &#13;
&#13;
“The feedback we have received regarding the testing sites and testing process itself has been positive, and we have continued to make improvements based on participant feedback and suggestions,” Carey wrote.&#13;
&#13;
Claire Miller ’21, who lives off-campus, shared such feedback about her experience registering for testing, which requires setting up an account on Verily’s website after receiving an email from Campus Life.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The directions were “super, super clear,” Miller said. “Honestly, I think they’re doing a really good job with the explanations. I was a little nervous when I went in just because I hadn’t done it before, but it was so organized.”&#13;
&#13;
Upon arrival at the OMAC, students must follow arrows dotting the floor and stand at socially distanced spots while waiting in line for a temperature check before showing an ID to check-in. Staff then direct community members to private booths separated by black curtains, where health care personnel wearing long gowns, face shields, masks and gloves instruct them on how to administer the test. &#13;
&#13;
For asymptomatic individuals, the University has opted for an “easier and significantly less uncomfortable” — yet comparably accurate — anterior nasal test that uses a swab and does not go as deep into the nose as the nasopharyngeal test, according to the Aug. 28 University statement.&#13;
&#13;
Mia Santomauro ’21, who is also living off-campus, went in to receive their first test Aug. 24, the first day of academic-year COVID-19 testing at the OMAC, after it transitioned from a prior location on Meeting Street. Santomauro, who like Miller completed the entire process in around five minutes, said the process was “super easy,” and, given the vast space, it “wasn’t overly crowded.”&#13;
&#13;
The University specifically chose the OMAC because it is spacious and well ventilated. &#13;
&#13;
Verily will notify participants getting tested once or twice a week to schedule a subsequent test three days or one to two days, respectively, after their last test. In both cases, it is recommended that people space out their tests every three to four days.&#13;
&#13;
“For the most part, the Broad Institute is turning around results within 24 hours of the sample arriving at the lab, so typically a day and a half after the test,” Carey wrote. Students who test positive will not be tested again for 90 days in accordance with guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. &#13;
&#13;
The University is in the process of finalizing a dashboard to communicate collective and anonymized results with the public on its Healthy Brown website.</text>
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Providence has reached 20 cases. Everyone stays safe and healthy getting back home!</text>
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So let me get this straight. We’re waiting for a positive case to happen before we close. Isn’t that the exact purpose of PREVENTATIVELY shutting down in-person instruction ahead of time?? Sometimes Brown can’t get the memo and it’s very frustrating</text>
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              <text>We are writing with important information about COVID-19 and implications for the Brown campus community. Unfortunately, the situation around the country and at Brown is becoming more difficult each day. The University has learned that yesterday, for the first time, a member of our community tested positive for novel coronavirus. Brown students and employees who were in contact with the diagnosed individual have been notified directly by the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH), which provides guidance on health considerations and quarantine.&#13;
&#13;
In addition to this, both the State of Rhode Island and the U.S. federal government have declared states of emergency, and Governor Gina Raimondo has closed all public K-12 schools in the state for the coming week. Brown remains open, but given these fast-changing events, we have no choice but to expedite the departure of students from campus and to take steps to limit the exposure of Brown employees to the virus.&#13;
&#13;
This priority message re-states the contents of an email sent yesterday, as Brown is committed to using all available channels to communicate regarding this public health crisis.&#13;
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Please read this full letter carefully, as it includes provisions that apply to all students, faculty and staff.&#13;
&#13;
FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS&#13;
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-- With news reports of the possibility of increased challenges with national and international travel, students should leave campus as soon as possible. The last date by which undergraduate students living on campus must leave residence halls has been moved to 5 p.m. on Tuesday, March 17.&#13;
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-- The date by which students can petition to remain in residence halls due to exceptional circumstances has been moved to noon on Sunday, March 15. Requests will be reviewed as quickly as possible, on a rolling basis.&#13;
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-- Students will receive further information from Residential Life later today. If they have questions or concerns, they should continue to contact the Residential Life phone line, (401) 863-3500, or email, ResLife@Brown.edu. The phone line will be staffed from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and staff will respond to emails throughout the weekend.&#13;
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-- Starting on Monday, March 16, dining services will be available only in the Sharpe Refectory on a “take-out” basis.&#13;
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-- Undergraduates who live off-campus are strongly encouraged to travel home.&#13;
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-- All undergraduate students who receive financial aid will receive $150 to defray travel and moving expenses.&#13;
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-- This funding will be provided via direct deposit or mailed check to students’ homes.&#13;
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-- Students who have not departed and need immediate access to funding to facilitate travel, including those whose travel is cost prohibitive, should submit an application to the COVID-19 Transition E-Gap Fund at ufunds.brown.edu. (We ask students with already finalized travel plans to delay their submission until next week, so we can help those in need of support for immediate travel.)&#13;
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FOR GRADUATE AND MEDICAL STUDENTS&#13;
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-- Graduate and medical students should prepare for a curtailment in University services, including the closure of libraries.&#13;
&#13;
-- Graduate students involved in scientific research will receive instructions from their departments about their continued participation. Medical students will continue to receive instruction directly from the medical school.&#13;
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-- Guidance about remote teaching and learning and research continues to be updated on Brown’s COVID-19 website.&#13;
&#13;
FOR BROWN EMPLOYEES (FACULTY AND STAFF)&#13;
&#13;
-- Starting on Monday, March 16, only essential personnel should report to work in person. Employees who can telecommute are expected to do so. Brown remains open.&#13;
&#13;
-- Staff members from Campus Life, the College and several other offices who are directly involved in assisting students as they move out of residence halls may be classified as essential personnel during the week of March 16. They will be contacted by their managers over the weekend with instructions.&#13;
&#13;
-- These work arrangements will remain in effect until Sunday, March 22. A decision on whether to extend them will be made by Friday, March 20. In the meantime, all employees will continue to be paid.&#13;
&#13;
-- Faculty should continue to prepare to resume teaching remotely on March 30, when classes resume. In the meantime, students should not be expected to complete any assignments or midterms with due dates prior to March 30.&#13;
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-- A new Telecommuting page on the University’s COVID-19 website contains information and links to resources about telecommuting. (https://covid.brown.edu/workforce/telecommuting)&#13;
&#13;
-- Information about leave policies and resources appears on the Leave Arrangements page of the COVID-19 website.  (https://covid.brown.edu/workforce/leave-arrangements)&#13;
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-- Individuals with questions about their unique situations should be addressed to University Human Resources at UniversityHR@brown.edu or (401) 863-2141.&#13;
&#13;
FOR ALL COMMUNITY MEMBERS&#13;
&#13;
-- Please take essential steps to keep yourself well.&#13;
&#13;
-- Wash your hands with soap carefully and frequently.&#13;
&#13;
-- If you cannot easily access hand washing facilities, use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.&#13;
&#13;
-- Sanitize hard surfaces.&#13;
&#13;
-- Avoid touching your face (transmission typically occurs from contact with surfaces).&#13;
&#13;
-- Engage in social distancing; avoid crowds, shaking hands and physical contact with other people.&#13;
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-- When possible, all meetings should take place via Zoom or teleconference.&#13;
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These may seem like exceptional measures for Brown to take, but they are warranted by the public health crisis that is taking place across the country and the world. For continued updates, please consult Brown’s COVID-19 website: https://covid.brown.edu.&#13;
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We want to thank everyone who lives and works at Brown for your continued dedication to helping to keep our community safe.&#13;
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Sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Richard M. Locke, Provost&#13;
Barbara Chernow, Executive Vice President for Finance and Administration&#13;
Eric Estes, Vice President for Campus Life and Student Services</text>
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              <text>Given the March 14 announcement about the University’s first confirmed case of COVID-19, many members of the Brown community, understandably, have questions and concerns about potential exposure. The following overview includes information on how community members would be made aware of any likely exposure.&#13;
&#13;
In a public health emergency such as the one brought on by novel coronavirus, the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) serves as the lead in our state on tracking cases and advising individuals about potential exposure. RIDOH has a thorough case tracking and management process, and Brown’s health officials coordinate closely with the department on any cases that directly involve University community members.&#13;
&#13;
In regard to the first confirmed case at Brown, RIDOH has communicated directly with each and every individual that may have risk of coronavirus infection based on contact with the diagnosed individual. If you have not been contacted, you are not considered by RIDOH as someone likely to come down with illness. The process will work similarly if subsequent cases emerge at Brown — RIDOH will communicate directly with all individuals who are deemed to be at risk given contact with a diagnosed individual.&#13;
&#13;
It’s also important to make clear for any positive case at Brown that none of the contacts of the diagnosed individual are considered infectious or dangerous to anyone else, just by mere fact that they have been identified as a contact. The medical approach to isolation is to place people who may have been exposed to the virus into a solitary setting such that if they become ill, they do so in a controlled environment where no one else will get infected. And therefore, the “contacts of a contact” — people who did not interact with the diagnosed individual, but interacted with a contact of the diagnosed individual — are not deemed to have any risk at all, unless they are contacted by RIDOH.&#13;
&#13;
To reinforce essential concepts of contagion, it’s important to remind everyone that coronavirus is not spread in moments of casual contact — such as passing in a hallway or brief interactions in a common area. Our most current medical understanding is that COVID-19 is predominantly spread by close contact with an infected person. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), close contact is defined as being within approximately 6 feet of a COVID-19 case for a prolonged period of time, or having direct contact with infectious secretions of a COVID-19 case (e.g., being coughed on).&#13;
&#13;
Please also know that despite the specific questions that many in our community have, we must  always honor the privacy and confidentiality of the health information of our Brown students and colleagues. This is both a legal and ethical obligation — and for those reasons, Brown cannot share specific health details related to individuals and their circumstances, unless instructed by RIDOH to do so.&#13;
&#13;
Finally, please rest assured that the specialists at RIDOH are doing everything in their power to limit the spread of disease. If you believe that you have had close contact as defined above with a known COVID positive individual, we encourage you to reach out to your primary care provider or to RIDOH directly at 401-222-8022 for information, instructions and additional reassurance.&#13;
&#13;
Adam Pallant, MD, PhD&#13;
Clinical Director, Brown Health Services&#13;
&#13;
Vanessa Britto, MD, MSc, FACP&#13;
Associate Vice President for Campus Life, Executive Director, Health and Wellness</text>
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