<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://browncovidarchive.omeka.net/items/browse?tags=contact+tracing&amp;output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-06-17T12:01:42-04:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>5</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="1187" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1397">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/51613/archive/files/30a4438af2cb1d95bf47c64f3bbd943f.png?Expires=1782345600&amp;Signature=CfoH%7Ej5CpXCE-8mHsW8da9GmJD0XV2j%7EM67woALIYfYNM3oLPJT3cbwBU3DaWCPMBwFM2APSakSa84psWWaVOA4ir3h9zeWqPManURZ2xltq9YL8XtrjRVPp0gS9OOGf4r34iI0f1eFUfU-t%7EFb8CtBz62qOt5l2L4pHexqp-k58mrXBdIrev24kOqH2eoNfydr%7EQKQiYEmPH9qgSDj0KCHuglgOhfg2LxNmVqpPWn5Lhv3bdjvAvzVimn8egBlBeHOFNSHzOadbx13cK0abyniyxpfS0BT9wrUIQBfmUvBNlEq67yLM2q6viF6oIm3uDnGk2v9Tfg%7EOyt6ywq7glA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>cae11c8d3d5385da5f0ee97f0d504fea</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="8">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1770">
                  <text>Today@Brown</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2079">
                  <text>This collection captures the different events announced on Today@Brown, a daily email received by all members of Brown, as screenshots.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="6431">
              <text>To learn more about the details of what’s expected, and to get responses to questions, please join College and Campus Life administrators to discuss: Move-in COVID-19, Testing and Tracing, Quiet Period, Dining during Quiet Period, Pods &amp; Welcome (and restricted) activities&#13;
&#13;
</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6427">
                <text>Today! Webinar on Move-in, Testing &amp; Quiet Period&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6428">
                <text>Office of the VP for Campus Life&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6429">
                <text>Today@Brown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6430">
                <text>August 25, 2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="130">
        <name>contact tracing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="226">
        <name>move in</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="178">
        <name>quiet period</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="126">
        <name>testing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="46">
        <name>virtual events</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1035" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1245">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/51613/archive/files/f6a703d86b0785f076a857efe835c2fd.png?Expires=1782345600&amp;Signature=WM%7ELtpckqR5zMNK1Pz2LtsswJkbqnzioKeSNpRHIhWm64j4AFkOchkAweGZ%7EMnegK9pKsoZWIoYJSG9qxtgsJoLLBI63S6zOAieDg-8v8RRYXGrcnS%7EiUeK5Vx5Vp4xAiDCVB0BYZCui4-VNLrt6YyZ26TbgKn4Jnf4Aogj2UEQ12o5qAsoLv-vfMtOj2mOissAr46Y31L3nOvAsk5OxfkO2Rw%7E7SIhK3Eq8Y7xpfpIms9zytq51hMLEpqTnWJv3SHXvrmIBV0V2V49vT83TboMbn%7E3ffJw7rq80cVJBMveZ5YMUb30xAE%7E7bvmTiVQUjAl9uvmMZS4sydLw%7E65q1g__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>cbadf555308e8f55dd6b33597be54117</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="9">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2168">
                  <text>Dear Blueno Posts</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="4171">
                  <text>Screenshots of posts from the public Facebook group "Dear Blueno," an anonymous online forum used dominantly by the Brown community to express their opinions, concerns, or other articulations. &#13;
&#13;
Item names are either excerpts from posts or the posts in full.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="5328">
                  <text>PNG</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="5723">
              <text>"1661* - Hi there, hope that everyone is safe and sound at home or somewhere they are comfortable in. I’d just like to share a useful template made by a friend from home to help us with contact tracing in this period of time:&#13;
&#13;
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VfyrWuqopG7dV9zwQK6Y58ur-XGoA2Vb8HrkrU1IuQw/htmlview#gid=0&#13;
&#13;
No matter where you are or how you feel, everything will get better. Stay safe :)"</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5719">
                <text>"1661* - Hi there, hope that everyone is safe and sound at home or somewhere they ...</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5720">
                <text>Dear Blueno</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5721">
                <text>March 19, 2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5722">
                <text>PNG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="130">
        <name>contact tracing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="138">
        <name>verified</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="796" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="848">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/51613/archive/files/fade7fb4c7683b1ea4f5d872860819ec.png?Expires=1782345600&amp;Signature=vDpaMbPeFk6r4y%7EV6%7E1Owjq3Sp4Ny8QcdbZ7aR%7EIdN27nM8ZFi7it5maTWapho7ABHj6xQ84w6UYLOE2Db8VPU%7EoO-D7%7E%7E4x-kfSERAX0YARqRyH9X1qwm3ekBx7PCBaAlkT9gqKA4ZfJJDaD6Qmg6xDMQlJqZE8eeJ1tmt7CQKE5Yc%7EcYMtPWGaigGexXXRx%7EiqS7fKUEbjN7oFdftN5HwlRAf%7EMQaMu7MgtuNofe0Z6Ky9SIziBhsww18qq1MrSILNQAYGeFjoQE7GkNp1cTZvKAuZ-D-Lk9e4HoFojMHlQgE2CbiTSJWX7YbI5kM8cdSZ43v9vKha4lePMvEWeQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>b34414684e231d4992ee313addcbd0ce</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="81">
                  <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2077">
                  <text>This collection consists of articles published by the Brown Daily Herald, the undergraduate daily student newspaper, in regards to COVID-19 at Brown.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="4661">
              <text>The University released its guidelines Aug. 11 for the free COVID-19 testing that will be required of returning students and employees during the fall semester. The summer testing pilot program currently in place will transition to this academic-year testing initiative beginning the week of Aug. 24. The new initiative will require routine, asymptomatic testing at least weekly for students, staff and faculty returning to campus or Providence. &#13;
&#13;
Students and employees coming back to campus will be required to undergo a baseline test upon their arrival. For undergraduate students, arrival may range from late August to late September given the University’s new plan, under which the majority of students will not return to campus until the week of Sept. 21. “I can’t make an absolute guarantee, but the goal is that everybody will be tested on the same day they arrive or within the first 24 hours,” University Spokesperson Brian Clark said. Afterwards, everyone must participate in routine testing at least weekly.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
University community members will be expected to undergo asymptomatic testing about every three or four days, Clark added, noting that this interval may change over time. &#13;
&#13;
Any student exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms is asked to notify University Health Services. Health Services will screen the student and help arrange a virtual appointment with a clinician to assess the person’s health and schedule a symptomatic test if necessary, said Vanessa Britto, associate vice president for campus life and executive director of health and wellness.&#13;
&#13;
Alongside these measures, asymptomatic, routine “testing is essential and really has to be one of the foundational elements for identifying and essentially stopping the community spread of (the) virus,” Clark said. Routine testing will “enable an understanding of the incidence of novel coronavirus in the on-campus population and help identify the proportion of asymptomatic positives over time,” according to the Healthy Brown website. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Testing “will help us understand exactly how COVID is impacting our students both on and off campus” and “understand what community transmission might look like,” Britto said. &#13;
&#13;
Britto stressed the fundamental importance of asymptomatic testing to maintaining an understanding of the scope of COVID-19 on campus. “When you think about the age demographic of the traditional undergraduate population … 30 to 50 percent of that population is asymptomatic. They don’t have symptoms. They (may) have the disease, they may be incubating the virus, but without testing, we wouldn’t know,” she added.&#13;
&#13;
The announcement about testing guidelines follows the University’s prior decision to conduct randomized testing of those returning to Brown this summer as part of its pilot program. By assessing the testing process and considering several testing partners over recent months, the University developed an informed strategy for the fall, Clark said.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Testing Frequency&#13;
&#13;
To settle on a rate for asymptomatic testing, the University sought “a balance between frequent enough testing so that you get a clear window into prevalence on campus and whether there is a community spread … and something that’s practical to implement,” Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
Testing frequency and the means of administering the test will vary on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the University’s issued guidelines. Clark explained that to help determine how frequently University community members should be tested, the University considered medical and public health experts’ recommendations to develop two categories, “with a focus on the amount of contact an individual is likely to have with other campus community members:” high contact and medium contact. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
On-campus, off-campus and commuter undergraduate students and first-year, second-year and Gateways medical students will be considered high contact, and will all be tested twice each week. &#13;
&#13;
Other high-contact individuals will also receive tests twice a week.High-contact individuals generally include those who satisfy the following criteria: remaining on campus for at least three days a week; learning, teaching, advising or supervising others in person; or working around students, in residences or in places where social distancing may not be feasible. Graduate students and University faculty in Providence meeting these criteria would be considered high contact, according to the Healthy Brown website.&#13;
&#13;
Josh Neronha ’22 thinks this testing rate for undergraduates is “great” because “having community transmission at Brown is pretty much inevitable, and I think the best way to alleviate that is testing,” he said.&#13;
&#13;
But many graduate students and faculty may fall into the medium-contact category. &#13;
&#13;
Medium-contact people will only be tested once a week. This testing rate applies to graduate students or faculty who take classes or teach remotely or who work in private, on-campus offices or areas conducive to social distancing, as long as they will not be on campus for more than two days. The goal is to eventually be able to provide testing twice a week to medium-contact graduate students and employees at their request, Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
Those who do not fall into either category include students and faculty who will be completely remote, meaning they will not be teaching, studying or researching on campus, as well as staff who are permitted to visit the campus weekly for at most half a day. Medical students on rotations as third and fourth-years, as well as Alpert Medical School faculty, must follow guidelines for health care workers that are separate from those of the University. &#13;
&#13;
Additionally, higher-risk groups may seek access to tests prior to returning to campus, but “we’re not obligating anyone to be tested before they arrive” on campus, as doing so may prove challenging or unsafe for some, Britto said. &#13;
&#13;
Depending on the public health situation in Rhode Island, testing frequency regulations are also subject to change — but likely, not in the immediate future. If, for example, “the numbers in Rhode Island are drastically less than what they are now, maybe there’s a possibility of cutting back on frequency many months from now,” Clark said.&#13;
&#13;
Testing Process and Location&#13;
&#13;
A nasopharyngeal swab will be used for all those who qualify for routine testing. Polymerase chain reaction, which looks for viral genetic material, will be used to analyze the test. “We have the most information about this type of testing, and so we’re trying to keep the science and evidence in front of us and base decisions on that,” Britto said. &#13;
&#13;
The University will not be administering antibody tests at this time but “may consider conducting antibody tests in the future” if there are developments in public health guidance or research, according to the Healthy Brown website.&#13;
&#13;
The University has chosen the Olney-Margolies Athletic Center as the location for asymptomatic tests to replace the summer pilot testing site at 205 Meeting Street in order to accommodate the influx of students, Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
The University’s third-party partner for the summer testing pilot program, Verily, will continue to provide the staff and infrastructure for this testing, Britto wrote in an email to The Herald.&#13;
&#13;
To maintain social distancing, asymptomatic people will typically self-administer the test while under the instruction and guidance of observing clinical personnel. If the student needs or requests assistance, the clinician can administer the test, Britto said. &#13;
&#13;
Neronha received a baseline asymptomatic test this summer upon returning to campus to conduct laboratory research. He described the process as “honestly really easy. I was probably in and out in five minutes.”&#13;
&#13;
Meanwhile, personnel from University Health Services will conduct all testing for individuals with COVID-19 symptoms, taking the necessary safety precautions, according to the Healthy Brown website. Summer symptomatic tests have taken place at Rhode Island Department of Health sites, but this location will change to a University facility for the academic year.  &#13;
&#13;
The University also plans to create a separate annex for students with respiratory symptoms within isolation and quarantine residences, and “symptomatic students will be swabbed there in the respiratory clinic,” Brito said. “It will be efficient for the student; it will be efficient from the standpoint of the consumption of healthcare resources.”&#13;
&#13;
Lifespan laboratory partners in Providence will quickly process symptomatic test samples in the fall, Britto said. But the Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA will take over asymptomatic analysis with an expected turnaround of within 24 hours. It’s important that the result of a test comes back before the administration of a subsequent test for the safety of the community and so that a person who tests positive can be notified as soon as possible, Britto added. &#13;
&#13;
Tracking and Scheduling&#13;
&#13;
In implementing testing and symptom tracking, the University is continuing to work with Verily. Using Verily’s Healthy at Work online tool, Brown community members will have to complete a daily report of their symptoms and register for their tests. &#13;
&#13;
Students who do not arrive for their scheduled test will receive follow-up communication, such as an initial reminder and request to reschedule, followed by additional measures as needed, the details of which are still under development, Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
“We’re absolutely going to be mandating for those who are in isolation or quarantine to symptom track, and certainly we want people who are asymptomatic even to also be doing it,” Britto said. “On either side of this equation, it’s important.”&#13;
&#13;
Britto also emphasized the importance of adhering to public health guidelines and health practices, including social distancing, hand washing and wearing face masks, regardless of the test results. “We really need people to do all three. It’s really, really important,” she said.&#13;
&#13;
But if a student does test positive, PWN Health, which is the clinician network working with Verily, and UHS will contact them and provide further guidance, and the University will take appropriate action to ensure health and safety. &#13;
&#13;
“If someone has a positive test, I want them to know that we’re here, we’re going to support people, we’re going to wrap services around them, we’re going to keep them comfortable, we’re going to monitor them closely, we’re going to be in partnership with them,” Britto said.&#13;
&#13;
While students may feel relieved upon opening their inbox to an email from PWN Health confirming a negative test, “one of the most important things that we will stress this year is that a negative test does not mean any license to amend public health practices” since the result only applies to the time of testing and does not account for any exposure thereafter, Clark said. “There’s the danger of feeling a false sense of confidence.”&#13;
&#13;
“It’s very easy for all of us, just from the standpoint of human nature, to develop issue fatigue, where over time you just get tired of following the rules. … So I would caution people to not let their guard down, to think about the fact that you may not experience symptoms but you absolutely could be incubating and therefore spreading virus,” Britto said.&#13;
&#13;
A platform through which the University can publicly report data about testing results in the aggregate that are not linked to any individuals, such as, potentially, the weekly rate of positive tests on campus, is also being developed, Clark said. In doing so, the University would remain reasonably transparent without compromising privacy; individual test results would only be shared as legally required by public health guidelines and for contact tracing.&#13;
&#13;
The University will employ its own contact tracing program established in tandem with the Rhode Island Department of Health. Additionally, University administrators addressing COVID-19 will receive more continuous, updated information about the quantity and location of people testing positive to better understand the pandemic’s prevalence and trends and assist with contact tracing, Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
Regular testing will continue at the University for the foreseeable future. “This testing is going to be in place as long as we have folks operating on campus during the academic year here or until we get to the point many months from now when there’s a vaccine and we start to move past it. So, there’s not going to be any established end date at this point,” Clark said. &#13;
&#13;
Acknowledging that not everything may turn out perfectly, Britto said, “we are doing our best to think through some of the permutations that would sort of keep the community healthy, the student population healthy (and) assessed as quickly as possible by people who are protected in the right ways, and get students the information they need quickly.”</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="4662">
              <text>Online newspaper article</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4657">
                <text>Brown undergraduates to be tested for COVID-19 twice a week for foreseeable future&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4658">
                <text>Emilija Sagaityte</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4659">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4660">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="130">
        <name>contact tracing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="85">
        <name>fall 2020</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="160">
        <name>fall on campus</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="60">
        <name>health services</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="192">
        <name>symptom tracking</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="185">
        <name>symptoms</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="126">
        <name>testing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26">
        <name>Vanessa Britto</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="669" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="722">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/51613/archive/files/c4314bbaf05b18448373f89d60fe2e15.png?Expires=1782345600&amp;Signature=jtHr5rrhA-vZQJ%7EF7qYLKxrnHVwxfs1t269db3lGldEMyUnWxPnZKPsG5H0pvwNxpPlf0Eo8VNV2k0uNdCrDvUr1aNKFb7mJqbs8v069fquhigutrEuH-MSr48x8kRuDtpM8sjlyDFoXC9Bocaoq1Cn7y7ezxMrdxBWuNgOmbMqAWF%7EvJjxbftBclUD%7EDgja4Yfpmy%7EAO34QHNmPbThpRH0BDXc1zDtvwKcHQ5zL7Ce%7E2MUM3aG%7EbgxmYVdMK25tEHrTZe0jGODkyBMfbomPWWxbilZyZvzQ8NNatCz7liIAvR2XOnrajcaOlCR%7E4AgDRausbi5eKB6KErqPSylTDw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>6e246e7da417b8cb9ec257f524914a27</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="81">
                  <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2077">
                  <text>This collection consists of articles published by the Brown Daily Herald, the undergraduate daily student newspaper, in regards to COVID-19 at Brown.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="4027">
              <text>Before classes resume on College Hill, the University intends to test all returning students for COVID-19. But what happens next?&#13;
&#13;
On Tuesday, Russell Carey ’91, a member of the Health Fall Task Force and the executive vice president for planning and policy, spoke to The Herald about the on-going COVID-19 testing summer pilot for essential employees and how the lessons from the pilot will inform the University’s approach this fall when students return. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In an April Op-Ed published in the New York Times, President Christina Paxson P’19 called for “aggressive testing” on college campuses. “Testing is an absolute prerequisite,” Paxson wrote. “Regular testing is the only way to prevent the disease from spreading silently through dormitories and classrooms.”&#13;
&#13;
The University’s summer pilot performs routine testing “for all essential on-site faculty, staff and graduate students,” according to the University’s official plan for the 2020-21 academic year. As of mid-July, the University’s summer testing pilot had received results for almost 1,200 tests, with fewer than five coming back positive. &#13;
&#13;
The fall testing program, like the testing pilot, will be provided at no cost to the individual being tested, and will not require any form of insurance. But with the start of the fall semester looming ever closer, key details of Brown’s testing policy — result turnaround times and the number of testing sites on campus, for example — remain unanswered. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The following conversation has been edited for length and clarity.&#13;
&#13;
How frequently will students be tested? President Paxson and others have stressed the importance of regular, routine testing — which tests individuals regardless of symptoms to monitor for the virus’s spread — but what does “regular” mean?&#13;
&#13;
I don’t have a precise frequency right now. I think we’re in the final weeks of the pilot program, which has given us a lot of experience. We’re working through the logistics and also the public health and scientific advice about the best approach for the fall. There will be an initial test at the start of the semester … and it will be a regular basis after that. But it is something we’re working very hard to finalize and we’ll be communicating certainly before the beginning of the semester and really, as soon as we can.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
How will the test collection be administered? &#13;
&#13;
Tests for the summer testing pilot are supervised and self-administered nasal swabs. There’s a clinical person who is there to instruct you carefully on what to do, (or who) would do it, if you for any particular reason, couldn’t or preferred not to. That’s what I would currently anticipate for the fall, but testing is an area that’s developing rapidly. &#13;
&#13;
Where will the test collection be administered? &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
On campus, but beyond that I’m unsure. The site that we are using for the summer pilot is 205 Meeting Street. That’s been great for the summer but it’s a much smaller population. So we’ll have to be (using) a larger and maybe more than one site, and that is also in the mix of things that we’re still working on.&#13;
&#13;
What kinds of models has the University done, or what models created by other institutions, has the University considered as it determines the frequency of student testing?&#13;
&#13;
I don’t know if I have a specific answer. The Healthy Fall Task Force includes members who have a lot of expertise — the director of University Health Services (Associate Vice President for Campus Life and Executive Director of Health and Wellness Vanessa Britto), in particular — and we’re in pretty much constant communication with a wide variety of peer institutions, all of whom are doing many of the same things and sharing information and knowledge. At the end of it, there’s some judgement about balancing the amount of testing that’s appropriate for a population, and the details and logistics of getting that all done. It’s not practical to test everybody every day, even though some public health experts might say that’s the safest way for any kind of community to operate. But I don’t really have a specific model to point to, but we are getting a lot of very informed and very sound advice and of course, also paying close attention to the guidance and information for both the Rhode Island Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.&#13;
&#13;
Who will be part of this asymptomatic, regular testing program?&#13;
&#13;
The same principle is applied to the summer — everyone who is authorized to be on campus — will continue in the fall and obviously, expand to include a much larger population of undergraduates as the enrollment increases consistent with a plan that’s been laid out by the President and the Provost for the fall term. Undergraduates in residence halls and undergraduates who are off-campus will be treated the same and will have an initial test, probably right around the end of August … and then ongoing testing throughout the semester. To be clear, if someone, particularly a student, has opted to enroll remotely and is not on campus, then they would not be included in a testing program. Any employee who continues to work remotely — a faculty member who opted to teach remotely, for example, or a staff member who can do their work remotely and will continue to do so in the fall — would not be included in the ongoing testing program.&#13;
&#13;
If a student suspects that they have symptoms, what should they do?&#13;
&#13;
The first thing to do is to immediately contact University Health Services. They will treat that student and assess what the most appropriate course of action is. If a test is warranted, that test will be processed through the Lifespan Lab, the laboratory that we use on a regular basis for students’ healthcare. We expect same-day results on symptomatic tests. Symptomatic testing, unlike routine testing, would be managed through University Health Services for students and for faculty and staff by their primary care provider. &#13;
&#13;
I’m also curious about whether some asymptomatic students may be routinely tested more than others. For example, students living in dorms versus those in off-campus accommodation. Is that something the University is considering?&#13;
&#13;
That’s definitely in the arena of frequency determinations that are still in the process of being made. I would expect the undergraduate student population to be treated pretty uniformly. Especially at the beginning of the semester, that would be my current expectation.&#13;
&#13;
And does that change for graduate students?&#13;
&#13;
Graduate students could be treated differently because of their levels of contact with each other and with undergraduates may vary. So that, that is a possibility. But that also is still really being assessed. No matter where those sort of differentiations come out, community members should expect regular and frequent testing. It is not going to be a rare occurrence. It’s going to be a regular part of our routine, particularly in, I would say, the first half of the semester — being really cautious to ensure that we can detect the virus where it occurs and stay on top of developments and keep everybody healthy and safe.&#13;
&#13;
Reflecting on how the summer pilot has gone so far, what has been the average wait time between administering the test and receiving the result?&#13;
&#13;
Our wait time, like many testing processes across the U.S. over the last month, has been not good. We started the pilot on June 24, right as we were beginning to see a dramatic increase in cases, particularly in the southwestern part of the country, and the demand for testing really going into that early part of July has overwhelmed the system. We have been working very closely with Verily, which is the company that we’re working with to help administer the overall program, to identify better and more timely lab partners. In the past week, we’ve been engaged with a new lab partner who have, for the most part, been returning results within 48 hours of having received them. And we’re finalizing a relationship with another partner, the Broad Institute, who is currently delivering a 24-hour turnaround from the time it gets received. We’re working really hard to get to that point. We feel better even in the past week with what we’re seeing. &#13;
&#13;
To clarify, is it that specific numbers about the summer pilot testing result turnaround time haven’t been calculated, or is it that you’re not disclosing them to the public?&#13;
&#13;
I guess I was being more qualitative, but when I said we weren’t happy with it, I mean we were easily seeing turnaround time of a week or more. But that was not just us; that was, that was labs nationwide. Right now, the lab we’re working with is consistently turning them around in two days. And as I mentioned, we expect to be with a new lab soon that will be one day turnaround.&#13;
&#13;
How will contact tracing work on campus? &#13;
&#13;
If a student is showing symptoms, the medical professionals caring for that student may determine that contact tracing is appropriate — contact tracing doesn’t require having a positive test. Contact tracing is done in coordination with and is consistent with guidance from the Rhode Island Department of Health. We have built up the capacity internally to support and manage contact tracing so that the Department of Health does not have to take on that responsibility exclusively for the Brown community… A number of colleagues … have gone through an online contact tracing course developed by Johns Hopkins.&#13;
&#13;
What happens if someone doesn’t show up for their scheduled test?&#13;
&#13;
There will be a follow up.&#13;
&#13;
By email?&#13;
&#13;
The process is still being worked out. Email is probably pretty likely. The best thing I could say right now is that people will have to participate. &#13;
&#13;
Is there a plan for if a student, staff or faculty member dies from COVID? Are there specific plans for those scenarios?&#13;
&#13;
I don’t know if this plan is exactly for that. I think that the overall plan of a healthy and safe campus, designed to mitigate this presence and spread of COVID and reduce the risk of bad outcomes, both in terms of people getting sick and of people dying. We can’t eliminate that risk completely. None of us can, in our daily lives. If somebody were to die, I mean, there would certainly be the things that we do typically — that does happen from time to time on campus, and there are communication protocols, supports and other things in place. So all those would be essentially the same. No doubt that would intensify people’s levels of concern and anxiety. And I think we understand that. Our best response is to have a coordinated, comprehensive campus health and safety program that all community members are actively engaged in supporting. &#13;
&#13;
Coming into this interview, the key questions on my mind — and on the minds of a lot of others in the University community — were: How frequent will the testing be? What will the turnaround time be? What labs will the testing be done at? And it seems like those answers are still unknown.&#13;
&#13;
I would phrase it a little bit differently: They’re all being worked on. We are absolutely going to communicate about the testing frequency. We’re going to communicate in August. I expect that we’ll be able to achieve the 24-hour turnaround time. But, to be transparent about it, that is something we are still working on.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="4028">
              <text>Online newspaper article</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4022">
                <text>COVID-19 testing specifics remain uncertain for fall semester</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4023">
                <text>Olivia George</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4024">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4025">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4026">
                <text>July 30, 2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="130">
        <name>contact tracing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="85">
        <name>fall 2020</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="160">
        <name>fall on campus</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Russell Carey</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="126">
        <name>testing</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="587" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="640">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/51613/archive/files/5b21aeabb376792125e68964f103aa5a.png?Expires=1782345600&amp;Signature=PPX%7EWLCh8WhZvXipfvCGxSK4SMGZlKt88Ax0sV6%7Eopo6c5kLkCBsyQEjMLZf9CDUPfBAa6wUUmHv4vscLBaQfpFlFM4dwYQiAUS75GmVa9tLdzgqOj9ge3HOC76apdQaV7qpXk-ZLltxEJYuEr%7E3GFfCKKaSmtlDKtrAC%7EG67JWTDpo-r-sOJofaovS8MO506gKFY9ouhnaIU4fmyeamrKl6CcTcROPfal3XXha9q2doLTRyCPO8ZFOh28aZcR4NPvq9TLtAFfgAUX417odESejzvgTlvqR9GQAiMFPdkn7vahK6glIf0UI3mqbu2F-YYyiBq18wVpaNgQTqL0pJ8w__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>64fe08b340bd34cb133a40aef3bc0330</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="81">
                  <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2077">
                  <text>This collection consists of articles published by the Brown Daily Herald, the undergraduate daily student newspaper, in regards to COVID-19 at Brown.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3589">
              <text>Most University undergraduate students expressed strong support for randomized COVID-19 testing and technology-enabled contact tracing in any on-campus scenarios for the upcoming academic year, according to the results of the Undergraduate Student Preferences Survey on 2020-21 Academic Year Scenarios.&#13;
&#13;
Sent to all returning undergraduate students May 17, the survey garnered an 84 percent response rate, accruing 4,475 responses. Another 1,234 incoming first-year students — 70 percent — also gave responses.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
The survey was developed to “gather information to guide and refine Brown’s plans for the fall in conjunction with a wide variety of additional factors, data points and considerations,” Provost Richard Locke P’18 wrote in a June 18 Today@Brown announcement regarding the key findings from the survey. &#13;
&#13;
The University is still considering three options for the 2020-21 academic year: a tri-semester model in which students would enroll in two semesters out of the three offered; an entirely remote fall with a decision about the spring semester to be made during the fall; or a normal academic calendar allowing all students to return to campus — an “optimistic scenario that is largely dependent on broader progress in testing and treatment,” Locke wrote. &#13;
&#13;
“Student preferences will serve as one factor in the complex effort to develop solutions that protect the health and safety of students, faculty, staff and the extended community, while maximizing teaching, learning and research operations to the greatest extent possible,” he wrote.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
President Christina Paxson P’19 has committed to sharing an official decision on the University’s plans for the fall by July 15, The Herald previously reported.&#13;
&#13;
For scenarios including an on-campus component, the University plans to conduct “surveillance testing” of COVID-19 to monitor any changes in the rate of infection on campus, according to the key findings report. This would include testing of several hundred randomly selected students each week.&#13;
&#13;
On tracking the spread of the virus, Paxson previously indicated that the University would also pursue testing of all students and employees upon their return to campus and testing for all symptomatic students and employees throughout the year.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
A full 88 percent of student survey respondents said that they believe random testing is “extremely” or “very important,” with just 10 percent believing random testing is “somewhat important” and only two percent saying it is “not important.” Nearly all respondents — 95 percent — said they would be willing to be tested if asked. &#13;
&#13;
Most students also expressed support for “technology-enabled contact tracing,” which would require the installation of a mobile app that would alert students if they had been in close contact with someone who tests positive for COVID-19 and track those with whom students have been in contact in case they test positive. &#13;
&#13;
Over three quarters — 76 percent — of students said that it is “extremely” or “very” important to “make this technology available to all students, faculty and staff,” and 78 percent of students said they would be willing to install contact tracing technology on their mobile devices. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Beginning this summer, the University has contracted with life sciences and health care company Verily to “test all essential on-site and essential-special graduate students, faculty and staff” in a routine testing pilot program, Locke and Executive Vice President for Finance and Administration Barbara Chernow ’79 wrote in a June 14 Today@Brown announcement.&#13;
&#13;
“We anticipate that what we learn from this summer pilot will provide essential information that helps to inform our public health testing strategy for the coming academic year,” they wrote. </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3590">
              <text>Online newspaper article</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3584">
                <text>Most students support randomized COVID-19 testing, technology-enabled contact tracing for 2020-21 academic year&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3585">
                <text>Kayla Guo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3586">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3587">
                <text>Brown Daily Herald</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3588">
                <text>June 21, 2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="70">
        <name>Barbara Chernow</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Christina Paxson</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="130">
        <name>contact tracing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="85">
        <name>fall 2020</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="129">
        <name>randomized testing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="27">
        <name>Richard Locke</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="87">
        <name>spring 2021</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="88">
        <name>summer 2021</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="126">
        <name>testing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="89">
        <name>trimester system</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
