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              <text>As part of the University’s “phased approach” to undergraduate instruction and students’ return to campus announced Aug. 11, most undergraduate students will not be allowed on campus until late September, if at all.&#13;
&#13;
But, for the undergraduates granted permission to reside on campus, those living off campus on College Hill and graduate students, The Herald has compiled information on the details of returning to campus as well as updates about on campus resources, which can be found here. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Key takeaways&#13;
Students returning to Providence before Labor Day must complete an online education module and sign a commitment to follow health and safety requirements. &#13;
During stage 1 of the quiet period, students living on campus will only be able to leave their dorms for meals and testing, while off-campus students will be expected to quarantine away from campus.&#13;
In stage 2 of the quiet period, on-campus students will have more freedoms, but will not be allowed to interact with off-campus students in Providence. &#13;
Students will be sent an email with information to set up the symptom tracking tool and schedule their first tests on campus. &#13;
Arrival on campus&#13;
All students who will be living in Providence, whether on or off campus, will have to complete an “online education and prevention module” and sign a commitment to follow the University’s health and safety requirements. The commitment, which can be found on the Healthy Brown website, consists of 12 clauses and a statement of understanding. &#13;
&#13;
“Because the University cannot guarantee a campus free from the risk of becoming infected with COVID-19, I understand that my failure to follow these health and safety requirements increases the risk that I may become infected with COVID-19 or infect others, and that I or other members of the community may experience severe illness including personal injury and death as a result of becoming infected with COVID-19,” reads one line of the commitment.&#13;
&#13;
An individualized link to the COVID-19 online education module was sent to all students planning to return to Providence at the end of the month today, Aug. 21, coinciding with the deadline to request an early return. The deadline to complete the module is Wednesday, Aug. 26, according to the email. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Students returning to live off-campus had to indicate their date of return on the Housing Questionnaire by 11:59 p.m. Aug. 20. Those students, as well as those returning to live on campus, will receive a COVID-19 test on Aug. 29 or close to their arrival. &#13;
&#13;
The University is also purchasing additional health supplies for distribution, and is ensuring that its supplies will be adequate to provide three cloth masks, two 4-ounce tubes of hand sanitizer and one container of sanitizing wipes to every student, faculty, and staff, according to the Healthy Brown website.&#13;
&#13;
Quiet period&#13;
All students living on and off campus will have to adhere to a 14-day quiet period — essentially a quarantine — in order to eliminate the risk of spread from pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic students. The quiet period will be split into two phases.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Stage One &#13;
In the first stage, on-campus students will be isolated within their residence halls. They will only be permitted to leave to receive a COVID-19 test or pick up dining hall meals delivered to designated spots on campus, according to the Healthy Brown website. &#13;
&#13;
Students living off-campus will be expected to quarantine in off-campus housing in compliance with Rhode Island Department of Health rules. RIDOH notes that while all people arriving in Rhode Island are advised to quarantine, people traveling from one of these 33 states with a positivity rate of over 5 percent or out of the country are required to quarantine for 14 days.&#13;
&#13;
College students are exempt from the RIDOH provision allowing visitors and returning residents to “test out” of a two-week quarantine with a negative COVID-19 test obtained within 72 hours prior to arrival, according to the Healthy Brown website, meaning that if a returning student tests negative on arrival, they will still need to complete a two week quarantine. RIDOH’s “Guidance for Colleges, Universities and Boarding Schools” notes only that “students and their families and friends traveling from countries outside of the US or a hot spot within the US must quarantine for 14 days within the state.” &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Off-campus students will not be allowed on campus in any capacity during the quiet period with few exceptions, including receiving a scheduled COVID-19 test, visiting Health Services or completing University-approved laboratory work. &#13;
&#13;
On-campus students are discouraged from leaving their rooms for anything other than the essentials, according to Vanessa Britto, associate vice president for campus life and executive director of health and wellness for the University. “As challenging as it is, we really do need people to not gather while in residence halls and to limit their movement beyond the essentials — bathroom, meal pick-up, etc.,” Britto wrote in an email to The Herald. “This will help us minimize exposures during the quiet period.”&#13;
&#13;
All students returning to Providence will be tested twice during phase one of the quiet period — once upon arrival and again after four or five days. “Low infection rates in the second-round test will allow Brown to move to Stage 2,” on the phased reopening model, according to the Healthy Brown website.&#13;
&#13;
Stage Two&#13;
Stage 2 of the quiet period will bring some more flexibility to those living on-campus — students can exercise outdoors (on-campus only), have small gatherings (five people wearing masks or adequately social distancing) and order contactless food delivery to residence halls. &#13;
&#13;
Off-campus students will still have to comply with the RIDOH-mandated 14-day quarantine, and will not be allowed on campus save the few exceptions also applicable during stage 1. &#13;
&#13;
Students residing on campus are not permitted to interact with students living off campus during stage 2. &#13;
&#13;
During stage 2, all students on meal plans will be allowed to pick up grab-and-go meals from dining halls, including off-campus students.&#13;
&#13;
The Healthy Brown website notes that the University may loosen or tighten listed quiet period restrictions based on the results from arrival testing. &#13;
&#13;
Failure to adhere to the quiet period regulations and the University’s COVID-19 Campus Safety Policy, issued Aug. 7, will be a violation of the Student Code of Conduct, which could result in sanctions including removal from campus or academic suspension. &#13;
&#13;
“We are relying on each member of the community to be fully engaged in holding each other accountable and in providing guidance and support around the public health guidelines,” wrote Yolanda Castillo-Appolonio, senior associate dean of students and director of student conduct and community standards, in an email to The Herald. &#13;
&#13;
Testing&#13;
Most University students returning to Providence — including all undergraduates — will be considered “high-contact,” and will undergo asymptomatic testing for COVID-19 twice per week, The Herald previously reported. &#13;
&#13;
To facilitate the details of testing and symptom tracking, the University has partnered with Verily, a life sciences company. Members of the University community will use Verily’s Healthy at Work online tool to report daily symptoms and schedule COVID-19 tests. Returning students will be granted access to the tool in an upcoming email. &#13;
&#13;
“Students who will be living on campus or off campus in Providence in the fall will soon receive an email with instructions on how to log on to Verily Healthy at Work, schedule their first COVID-19 test and complete symptoms screening questions,” Russell Carey P’18, executive vice president for planning and policy at the University, wrote in an email to The Herald. “Students will schedule each subsequent routine COVID-19 test directly after they have been tested.”&#13;
&#13;
All asymptomatic testing of students will take place in the Olney-Margolies Athletic Center. Students will be tested with a nasopharyngeal swab, which will be self-administered under the supervision of a medical professional, The Herald previously reported. Clinicians will be available to assist students who request help with administering the test.&#13;
&#13;
Any student exhibiting symptoms of COVID-19 should contact University Health Services, which will then arrange a telehealth visit to assess the student’s symptoms and schedule a test if necessary. All symptomatic testing will be conducted by Health Services personnel and will be conducted at a separate University facility. There will be another location for symptomatic testing of students already in isolation or in the quarantine residence hall, The Herald previously reported.&#13;
&#13;
More information on COVID-19 testing on campus can be found here. &#13;
&#13;
This page will be updated as more information becomes available. If you have a question about returning to Providence that you’d like to see answered, email us at: herald@browndailyherald.com.</text>
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              <text>Prior to students’ return to campus this fall, the University has upheld its policy requiring students to spend six semesters living on campus, and promised to uphold their agreement to house all students who request it. In light of COVID-19, the University has guaranteed that all students returning to live on campus will be housed “based on single room occupancy” with the goal of “de-densifying” residential spaces. &#13;
&#13;
Unfortunately, since the release of Brown’s “Plan for a Healthy and Safe 2020-21” statement on July 7, the University’s commitments to “transparency” and to “developing plans with the goal of maintaining the financial well-being of students and employees” have been repeatedly broken. Specifically, as undergraduate students attempt to plan for the fall semester, the Office of Residential Life’s housing policies have been frustratingly inconsistent. According to the Undergraduate Council of Students, 41 percent of students have listed residential halls in their top four concerns about returning to campus. They are right to be concerned, according to health guidelines from both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the University. Without access to kitchens, students will be dependent on grab-and-go meals from dining halls; those with dietary restrictions face the added stress of whether or not they can trust the food they are given. Bathrooms are to be cleaned more frequently, though considerations of facilities staff hazard pay and overtime wages are absent from the administration’s public correspondences. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
ResLife promised to release housing information for students on campus Aug. 10, but to date students have yet to receive their assignments. Furthermore, in correspondences to the Brown community on August 11th, the University released new plans about staggering student arrivals through September. Initially, August 10th left very little time for students to start creating their housing group’s own internal policies surrounding cleaning, guests and bathroom use. Now, students have to manage the added confusions of living in housing pods in which new people will be quarantining for fourteen days throughout September. Managing one’s housing pod is difficult in the best of circumstances. While Brown’s new arrival plans are safer in theory, the University’s inability to communicate this plan until mid-August is problematic for students who are already facing serious planning issues such as transportation to campus. &#13;
&#13;
Additionally, housing assignments are made considering only one of two factors: “either the style of housing (suite/apartment or non-suite/apartment) or being assigned near another student who has mutually requested to be assigned near you.” Since ResLife cannot provide students with the ability to even anticipate — let alone plan — what their personal facilities and housing group will be, many students are finding it difficult to trust the University right now. In my own experiences living exclusively with college students in closed-loop social isolation bubbles, building trust and mutual accountability is critical to the success of the pod and necessary for maintaining mental health. It takes time, and without information about those with whom they would share high-risk spaces, many students are forced to choose between studying remotely or risk a housing situation that accommodates neither their needs nor their safety. &#13;
&#13;
Even with the trimester system and the option of attending classes remotely, the University admitted in an email correspondence to rising juniors in July that they did not anticipate having the necessary space to provide students with enough single-person housing on campus. Even though they have now successfully addressed this specific issue by going back on their word to juniors seeking off-campus permission, each single room still does not have the necessary facilities like a private kitchen and bathroom that would be necessary, according to the CDC, to fully prevent spreading the virus amongst asymptomatic carriers. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Furthermore, the University has yet to release a comprehensive explanation of how self-isolation housing will quarantine potentially infected students. The University claims that students, when waiting for test results or quarantining, will be moved to alternative housing which “should at a minimum include a single room with its own adjoining bathroom,” though information on where these rooms are, and how students will safely move remain absent. Still, the details released on August 11th in the University’s “Campus Safety Policy” about students’ isolation practices remain vague, mentioning that students will be “directed to ‘isolate’ from others” and that multiple services like Dining, facilities, and EMS have “partnered to ensure that students are supported.” No further plans have been released regarding potential evacuation or outbreak containment. &#13;
&#13;
The University claims to “follow at all times guidance from the CDC and RIDOH,” yet the lack of single-user bathrooms and the overall absence of clear plans for students who need to quarantine blatantly undermines this claim. Multiple students believe that reopening campus under the current plan will inevitably go awry, even with staggered arrivals.&#13;
&#13;
To date, ResLife has not told students about the ratio of students to bathrooms, or how the minor access to kitchen storage will be organized. Understandably skeptical of on-campus housing, rising juniors lined up for the newly rolled out off-campus permission waitlist in June in the hopes of bypassing the stressors associated with living on campus. Therefore, some students were planning to return to Providence to live off-campus regardless of whether or not they had permission to do so.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Without a clear date on when they would be given or denied off-campus permission from the June waitlist, rising juniors struggled to make any plans. Volunteers at ResLife answered multiple calls without the authority to release any information and couldn’t provide students with any number more specific than that “over 350” students were on this waitlist. They were also unable to assist students in planning by giving them any sense of how many people might be allowed off, though the creation and maintenance of such a list certainly implies that at least some people would be granted permission.&#13;
&#13;
Shockingly, On July 24th, ResLife emailed students on the waitlist that no one would be given off-campus permission at that time. The Location of Study Form was closed, and they were automatically assigned to live on campus. These juniors received an email from ResLife containing the following:&#13;
&#13;
“…we were uncertain — prior to the deadline for submission of the Fall 2020 Location of Study Form — if we would be able to meet the demand for on-campus housing among all students who require it … For this reason, we opened a new waitlist for students to indicate interest in off-campus permission. Because we now know that we will be able to meet the requirements both for students covered by the housing requirement and seniors who have requested on campus housing, we have closed this waitlist and are not extending additional off-campus permission.”&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Students were not informed until after committing to their preferences that the new off-campus waitlist was created to inform ResLife of whether or not their on-campus capacity would be filled. At this point, all Juniors who were denied off-campus permission were automatically re-assigned to on-campus housing, as they had been unable to mark “attending remotely” as their second choice preference. As such, some students decided to simply deal with living on campus, while others fought through multiple phone calls with ResLife volunteers to re-registered as remote students so that they could either live at home, or live in Providence secretly.&#13;
&#13;
On August 11th, ResLife once again changed their policy without warning. All students previously on the June waitlist have now been granted off-campus permission. Less than a month before classes begin, students must reorganize their off-campus living situations, which includes re-negotiating sublet situations, and having tough conversations about which lessees will return, in order to abide by the city’s restrictions on college students living together.&#13;
&#13;
The multiple miscommunications about off-campus permission by the University have had grave effects on students’ financial well being and planning stress. Students have a time-sensitive need to prepare for a living situation that keeps them safe from COVID-19, but they have both lacked critical information on the nature of their assigned university housing and have had the University go back on their word twice, making it nearly impossible to plan ahead.&#13;
&#13;
Furthermore, students have discussed in online forums that granting widespread off-campus permission can have detrimental long-term effects on the gentrification and rent prices of the Fox Point area. Many have mentioned this as a reason for choosing to study remotely instead of trying to get off-campus permission, though such considerations for the Providence community have been absent from University correspondences. &#13;
&#13;
Brown’s housing policies make it unnecessarily difficult for students to follow health guidelines. The University’s contradictory communications about students living off campus is creating additional financial and mental strain. In order to both contain the spread of COVID-19 and support the University’s financial priorities, Brown is demanding blind cooperation from its students without extending the trust necessary for a productive relationship with the institution. We will all be signing attestations that we will “follow required public health practices, and that (we) understand that disregard of public health practices is a conduct violation that could result in removal from campus.” How could we possibly follow required public health practices if the University will not allow us what we need to do so in terms of on-campus self-isolation? How can students properly plan ahead to live responsibly to stop the spread of COVID-19? I predict that when an outbreak does occur on campus, policies like these will be used to avoid the University’s liability and instead blame the behavior of students who tried to live within the administration’s unrealistic restrictions. &#13;
&#13;
Beth Pollard ’21 can be reached at beth_pollard@brown.edu. Please send responses to this opinion to letters@browndailyherald.com and op-eds to opinions@browndailyherald.com.</text>
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              <text>Dear Students,&#13;
We hope that you and your families are healthy and safe. As you read in President Paxson’s message earlier today, Brown will take a phased approach to bringing students back for the fall semester in light of the shifting public health conditions of the&#13;
global pandemic. We’re writing to provide you with important information to explain changes to academic planning and housing with the new phased approach. It is important that you read this message in full.&#13;
&#13;
In the first phase of the fall term, all undergraduate classes will be taught fully online from September 9 until the week of October 5, and only a limited number of undergraduates will be permitted to return and have access to campus beginning at the end of August. The majority of undergraduate students will start the Fall 2020 semester studying remotely, preferably outside of the Providence area.&#13;
&#13;
Students enrolled for the fall who don’t receive permission to come to campus in the first phase will be permitted to come to campus in a second phase of move-in that will begin in late September, provided the public health situation improves. This phased approach greatly reduces the number of students expected to be on campus at the beginning of the first term of the three-semester model announced July 7.&#13;
&#13;
This letter provides information relevant for all students and addresses topics specific to students living on and off campus. At the end of every section of this message, we provide a set of links to the material described in that section, so that you have easy access to the requirements, guidance and resources you need for how Brown will operate in light of the pandemic.&#13;
&#13;
Process for applying to move into a campus residence hall by the end of August&#13;
&#13;
Students may apply to move into a residence hall starting at the end of August, if they:&#13;
&#13;
 live in environments that are unsafe;&#13;
 live in circumstances that make remote study difficult;&#13;
 are already in Providence and are unable to travel home;&#13;
 have previously-arranged plans for archival or laboratory research than can only be done on campus; or&#13;
 have other exceptional circumstances (to be assessed on an individual basis).&#13;
&#13;
Applications are due no later than Sunday, August 16 at 11:59 p.m. (EDT). Students will be notified of the outcome of their application no later than Wednesday, August 19 at 5 p.m. (EDT). Additional information regarding arrival and check-in will be provided to students who are approved to live on campus before Labor Day.&#13;
&#13;
Students who do not have permission to move into a residence hall before Labor Day are strongly encouraged to remain away from Providence until they are invited to return. Students who have health conditions that may place them in a high-risk category are also strongly urged to remain at home.&#13;
&#13;
Access this important form online:&#13;
 Application to return to campus before Labor Day (due no later than 11:59 p.m.&#13;
EDT Aug. 16)&#13;
&#13;
Responsibilities of all students who are living in Providence (on or off campus) by the end of August&#13;
&#13;
All students who are living in the City of Providence, whether they live on or off campus, will be required to read and sign a form called the Student Commitment to COVID-19 Community Health and Safety Requirements; complete an online educational module; and follow a set of pre-arrival requirements and recommendations. All students will be subject to Brown’s COVID-19 Campus Safety Policy. They also will be required to enroll and begin participation in the COVID-19 testing program, including a required test upon arrival in Providence. We will follow up separately with students living off campus to gather information about your arrival date.&#13;
&#13;
Students living on campus will be required to observe the 14-day quiet period, which will include a period of time when students will be expected to remain in their residence halls except for a limited number of specific essential activities. Meals and other support will be provided. Students living off campus will be required to follow RIDOH’s quarantine requirements.&#13;
&#13;
Failure to comply with public health guidelines on or off campus (wearing masks, social distancing, testing, contact tracing, and limiting the size of social gatherings for attendees and especially hosts) will be a violation of the Code of Student Conduct and will be addressed through the COVID-19 Student Conduct Procedure with sanctions up to and including removal from campus and academic suspension.&#13;
&#13;
Access these important requirements online:&#13;
 Student Commitment to COVID-19 Community Health and Safety Requirements&#13;
 COVID-19 Campus Safety Policy&#13;
 COVID-19 Student Conduct Procedures&#13;
 Pre-arrival requirements and recommendations&#13;
 Student COVID-19 testing&#13;
 14-day quiet period requirements&#13;
 RIDOH guidance for students living off campus&#13;
&#13;
Location of Study&#13;
&#13;
If you would like to change your Fall 2020 location of study, please send an email from your Brown address to fall2020@brown.edu no later than 12 p.m. (EDT) on Monday, August 17. We particularly encourage this option for students with health conditions that may place them in a high-risk category. You will receive a confirmation email when your location of study has been updated.&#13;
&#13;
Billing&#13;
&#13;
Students impacted by room and board changes will receive communication directly from Student Financial Services later this week.&#13;
&#13;
Academic Planning&#13;
&#13;
The pre-registration process will continue as described in the communications you received on July 28. You will find out about your initial course registration this Friday, August 14, and the add/drop period will open next Monday, August 17 and run through September 22. More information on the new pre-registration process can be found on the recently added pre-registration section of the Undergraduate FAQ site, which was developed in collaboration with the UCS Academic Affairs Committee. If a course is in your Primary Cart, you will automatically be able to access the course Canvas site and any electronic course materials posted there.&#13;
&#13;
All students will be able to order books and course materials through the Brown Bookstore website beginning Monday August 24, including options to purchase and rent digital materials for immediate download, as well as to ship physical items to your location. As always, if you have specific questions about your individual circumstances, you can connect with an academic advising dean in the College by emailing college@brown.edu.&#13;
&#13;
Access this important academic planning information online:&#13;
 July 28 communication about CAB, pre-registration and virtual shopping period&#13;
 Pre-registration process on the Undergraduate FAQ website&#13;
 Academic advising deans in the College (if you have questions)&#13;
 Brown Bookstore (to order, beginning Aug. 24)&#13;
&#13;
Campus Resources&#13;
&#13;
During this period of remote learning, campus resources will continue to be available remotely to all students regardless of their location of study. You can learn more about some of these resources on the Campus Life Fall 2020 Opening webpage and on the College webpage. Note that all students, regardless of their location of study, will be able to access Health Services and Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS) via telehealth. All students, regardless of their location of study, are also able to access support from the Administrator on Call and Student Support Services.&#13;
&#13;
Access these support resources online:&#13;
 Campus Life Fall 2020 Opening&#13;
 The College&#13;
 Health Services&#13;
 Counseling and Psychological Services&#13;
 Administrator on Call&#13;
 Student Support Services&#13;
&#13;
Information for Students Living in Residence Halls&#13;
&#13;
The Office of Residential Life will communicate housing assignments to students who apply and receive approval to move on campus before Labor Day. Documented housing accommodations will be met for any students who are approved to return. Returning to campus before Labor Day will invalidate any prior requests for specific neighbors unless they also apply for and receive permission to move in at the end of August. Any students who return before Labor Day should be prepared to be reassigned to a new room when the remaining students return to campus (in late September if the public health situation allows).&#13;
&#13;
Students who receive permission to return to campus before Labor Day and are planning to live in residence halls will be invited to move in on their currently-scheduled dates. You should plan to bring only what is essential. Please be advised that Mail Services will be closed from August 22 to September 15 during the quiet period. Students should not ship items that they will need immediately and should bring these items with them.&#13;
&#13;
Information for Students Living Off Campus&#13;
If you are returning to Providence to live in an off-campus residence, you must continue to follow state-mandated 14-day quarantine requirements in place for people entering Rhode Island from outside the United States and from certain states within the country. As a student living off campus, you are responsible for keeping apprised of the state directives specific to your situation and for planning your arrival and quarantine accordingly. This may include completion of a certificate of compliance with out-of-state travel quarantine and testing requirements upon arriving in Rhode Island and completion of an out-of-state travel screening form. Unless you have permission for access to campus, you will not be permitted to come to campus during the “quiet period” for students living on campus or during your own quarantine.&#13;
&#13;
As a reminder, students living off campus are required to provide their local address and telephone number during the academic year. While living in Providence, you will be expected to enroll in Brown’s COVID-19 testing program and get tested twice per week, free of charge. Sign into Banner Self-Service to enter your off-campus address. Please know that the city will more assertively enforce the ordinance related to the occupancy of rental units.&#13;
&#13;
Access this important information for off-campus students online:&#13;
 Rhode Island’s 14-day quarantine requirements for travelers (including link to&#13;
list of states with travel restrictions upon entry to Rhode Island)&#13;
 Banner Self-Service (to enter your off-campus address)&#13;
 City of Providence regulations for occupancy of rental units&#13;
&#13;
Contact Information&#13;
&#13;
We continue to update the Undergraduate FAQs on the Healthy Brown website to address frequently asked questions regarding Brown’s phased approach to the fall term. We know you also may have questions about your individual circumstances. Please contact the following offices:&#13;
 The College regarding academic planning: 401-863-9800 or&#13;
college@brown.edu&#13;
 Student Financial Services regarding billing and your student account:&#13;
bursar@brown.edu&#13;
 The Office of Financial Aid regarding financial aid: financial_aid@brown.edu&#13;
 The Office of Residential Life regarding on-campus housing: 401-863-3500 or&#13;
res_life@brown.edu&#13;
 University Health Services regarding public health questions about COVID-19&#13;
testing, the quiet period or quarantine: 401-863-3953&#13;
 Campus Life regarding other questions: 401-863-1800 or&#13;
campus_life@brown.edu&#13;
&#13;
Whether you will be here in Providence or studying remotely around the world, we hope to see you soon for the start of the fall semester, and we look forward to the time when we can all be together on campus again.&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Eric Estes&#13;
Vice President for Campus Life&#13;
&#13;
Rashid Zia&#13;
Dean of the College</text>
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              <text>We are writing with important information about COVID-19 and implications for the Brown campus community. Unfortunately, the situation around the country and at Brown is becoming more difficult each day. The University has learned that yesterday, for the first time, a member of our community tested positive for novel coronavirus. Brown students and employees who were in contact with the diagnosed individual have been notified directly by the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH), which provides guidance on health considerations and quarantine.&#13;
&#13;
In addition to this, both the State of Rhode Island and the U.S. federal government have declared states of emergency, and Governor Gina Raimondo has closed all public K-12 schools in the state for the coming week. Brown remains open, but given these fast-changing events, we have no choice but to expedite the departure of students from campus and to take steps to limit the exposure of Brown employees to the virus.&#13;
&#13;
This priority message re-states the contents of an email sent yesterday, as Brown is committed to using all available channels to communicate regarding this public health crisis.&#13;
&#13;
Please read this full letter carefully, as it includes provisions that apply to all students, faculty and staff.&#13;
&#13;
FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS&#13;
&#13;
-- With news reports of the possibility of increased challenges with national and international travel, students should leave campus as soon as possible. The last date by which undergraduate students living on campus must leave residence halls has been moved to 5 p.m. on Tuesday, March 17.&#13;
&#13;
-- The date by which students can petition to remain in residence halls due to exceptional circumstances has been moved to noon on Sunday, March 15. Requests will be reviewed as quickly as possible, on a rolling basis.&#13;
&#13;
-- Students will receive further information from Residential Life later today. If they have questions or concerns, they should continue to contact the Residential Life phone line, (401) 863-3500, or email, ResLife@Brown.edu. The phone line will be staffed from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and staff will respond to emails throughout the weekend.&#13;
&#13;
-- Starting on Monday, March 16, dining services will be available only in the Sharpe Refectory on a “take-out” basis.&#13;
&#13;
-- Undergraduates who live off-campus are strongly encouraged to travel home.&#13;
&#13;
-- All undergraduate students who receive financial aid will receive $150 to defray travel and moving expenses.&#13;
&#13;
-- This funding will be provided via direct deposit or mailed check to students’ homes.&#13;
&#13;
-- Students who have not departed and need immediate access to funding to facilitate travel, including those whose travel is cost prohibitive, should submit an application to the COVID-19 Transition E-Gap Fund at ufunds.brown.edu. (We ask students with already finalized travel plans to delay their submission until next week, so we can help those in need of support for immediate travel.)&#13;
&#13;
FOR GRADUATE AND MEDICAL STUDENTS&#13;
&#13;
-- Graduate and medical students should prepare for a curtailment in University services, including the closure of libraries.&#13;
&#13;
-- Graduate students involved in scientific research will receive instructions from their departments about their continued participation. Medical students will continue to receive instruction directly from the medical school.&#13;
&#13;
-- Guidance about remote teaching and learning and research continues to be updated on Brown’s COVID-19 website.&#13;
&#13;
FOR BROWN EMPLOYEES (FACULTY AND STAFF)&#13;
&#13;
-- Starting on Monday, March 16, only essential personnel should report to work in person. Employees who can telecommute are expected to do so. Brown remains open.&#13;
&#13;
-- Staff members from Campus Life, the College and several other offices who are directly involved in assisting students as they move out of residence halls may be classified as essential personnel during the week of March 16. They will be contacted by their managers over the weekend with instructions.&#13;
&#13;
-- These work arrangements will remain in effect until Sunday, March 22. A decision on whether to extend them will be made by Friday, March 20. In the meantime, all employees will continue to be paid.&#13;
&#13;
-- Faculty should continue to prepare to resume teaching remotely on March 30, when classes resume. In the meantime, students should not be expected to complete any assignments or midterms with due dates prior to March 30.&#13;
&#13;
-- A new Telecommuting page on the University’s COVID-19 website contains information and links to resources about telecommuting. (https://covid.brown.edu/workforce/telecommuting)&#13;
&#13;
-- Information about leave policies and resources appears on the Leave Arrangements page of the COVID-19 website.  (https://covid.brown.edu/workforce/leave-arrangements)&#13;
&#13;
-- Individuals with questions about their unique situations should be addressed to University Human Resources at UniversityHR@brown.edu or (401) 863-2141.&#13;
&#13;
FOR ALL COMMUNITY MEMBERS&#13;
&#13;
-- Please take essential steps to keep yourself well.&#13;
&#13;
-- Wash your hands with soap carefully and frequently.&#13;
&#13;
-- If you cannot easily access hand washing facilities, use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.&#13;
&#13;
-- Sanitize hard surfaces.&#13;
&#13;
-- Avoid touching your face (transmission typically occurs from contact with surfaces).&#13;
&#13;
-- Engage in social distancing; avoid crowds, shaking hands and physical contact with other people.&#13;
&#13;
-- When possible, all meetings should take place via Zoom or teleconference.&#13;
&#13;
These may seem like exceptional measures for Brown to take, but they are warranted by the public health crisis that is taking place across the country and the world. For continued updates, please consult Brown’s COVID-19 website: https://covid.brown.edu.&#13;
&#13;
We want to thank everyone who lives and works at Brown for your continued dedication to helping to keep our community safe.&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Richard M. Locke, Provost&#13;
Barbara Chernow, Executive Vice President for Finance and Administration&#13;
Eric Estes, Vice President for Campus Life and Student Services</text>
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              <text>Given the March 14 announcement about the University’s first confirmed case of COVID-19, many members of the Brown community, understandably, have questions and concerns about potential exposure. The following overview includes information on how community members would be made aware of any likely exposure.&#13;
&#13;
In a public health emergency such as the one brought on by novel coronavirus, the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) serves as the lead in our state on tracking cases and advising individuals about potential exposure. RIDOH has a thorough case tracking and management process, and Brown’s health officials coordinate closely with the department on any cases that directly involve University community members.&#13;
&#13;
In regard to the first confirmed case at Brown, RIDOH has communicated directly with each and every individual that may have risk of coronavirus infection based on contact with the diagnosed individual. If you have not been contacted, you are not considered by RIDOH as someone likely to come down with illness. The process will work similarly if subsequent cases emerge at Brown — RIDOH will communicate directly with all individuals who are deemed to be at risk given contact with a diagnosed individual.&#13;
&#13;
It’s also important to make clear for any positive case at Brown that none of the contacts of the diagnosed individual are considered infectious or dangerous to anyone else, just by mere fact that they have been identified as a contact. The medical approach to isolation is to place people who may have been exposed to the virus into a solitary setting such that if they become ill, they do so in a controlled environment where no one else will get infected. And therefore, the “contacts of a contact” — people who did not interact with the diagnosed individual, but interacted with a contact of the diagnosed individual — are not deemed to have any risk at all, unless they are contacted by RIDOH.&#13;
&#13;
To reinforce essential concepts of contagion, it’s important to remind everyone that coronavirus is not spread in moments of casual contact — such as passing in a hallway or brief interactions in a common area. Our most current medical understanding is that COVID-19 is predominantly spread by close contact with an infected person. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), close contact is defined as being within approximately 6 feet of a COVID-19 case for a prolonged period of time, or having direct contact with infectious secretions of a COVID-19 case (e.g., being coughed on).&#13;
&#13;
Please also know that despite the specific questions that many in our community have, we must  always honor the privacy and confidentiality of the health information of our Brown students and colleagues. This is both a legal and ethical obligation — and for those reasons, Brown cannot share specific health details related to individuals and their circumstances, unless instructed by RIDOH to do so.&#13;
&#13;
Finally, please rest assured that the specialists at RIDOH are doing everything in their power to limit the spread of disease. If you believe that you have had close contact as defined above with a known COVID positive individual, we encourage you to reach out to your primary care provider or to RIDOH directly at 401-222-8022 for information, instructions and additional reassurance.&#13;
&#13;
Adam Pallant, MD, PhD&#13;
Clinical Director, Brown Health Services&#13;
&#13;
Vanessa Britto, MD, MSc, FACP&#13;
Associate Vice President for Campus Life, Executive Director, Health and Wellness</text>
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              <text>With health care guidance evolving and measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 dominating headlines, some in the Brown community have asked about when to self-isolate, seek medical care or seek a COVID-19 test. We are writing to share updated recommendations, based on new guidance this week from the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH), which has reported that testing is currently limited to high-risk populations.&#13;
&#13;
Because the most common symptoms for COVID-19 (fever, cough, shortness of breath, runny nose, sore throat, body aches) are common also to colds and influenza, it can be difficult to distinguish COVID-19 from other illnesses in the absence of a test. RIDOH advises that anyone with any of these symptoms should self-isolate from the onset of symptoms until:&#13;
&#13;
-- they have no fever for at least 72 hours without use of fever-reducing medication;&#13;
&#13;
-- other symptoms, such as cough or shortness of breath, are improving ;&#13;
&#13;
-- and at least seven days have passed since symptoms first appeared.&#13;
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This is updated from previous guidance on when to self-isolate, which had been recommended only for individuals with specific combinations of symptoms and/or travel histories.&#13;
&#13;
Given the constraints being experienced by RIDOH around available COVID-19 tests — and because available data indicate that the majority of people with COVID-19 can recover at home with only mild symptoms — RIDOH has focused its coronavirus testing on three high-risk populations only: hospitalized patients, health care workers and nursing home residents.&#13;
&#13;
For anyone who experiences symptoms they cannot manage on their own, current RIDOH guidance is to contact a health care provider by telephone. Faculty and staff should contact their primary health care provider. Students should call Health Services (401-863-3953), which has implemented a robust phone triage system and, aligned with that RIDOH guidance, will use that to consult with students in lieu of in-person visits. Students who have severe shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, inability to eat or drink, extreme dizziness, or other symptoms indicating the need for emergency care should contact the Department of Public Safety (401-863-4111) on campus or call 911 off campus.&#13;
&#13;
As a reminder, here are the key steps to take when you need to self-isolate:&#13;
&#13;
-- Stay home. Don't attend work, school, events, social gatherings or public areas.&#13;
&#13;
-- Limit contact with others, as much as possible, including those in your home or residence. Try to keep a distance of about 6 feet. Avoid any visitors.&#13;
&#13;
-- Self-monitor for fever by checking your temperature at least twice daily. Contact a health care provider if you develop a fever or respiratory symptoms such as cough or trouble breathing.&#13;
&#13;
-- If you need to seek medical care, call ahead to describe your symptoms.&#13;
&#13;
-- Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands. If you don’t have access to soap and water use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains 60-95% alcohol, covering all surfaces of your hands and rubbing them together until they feel dry.&#13;
&#13;
-- Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash. Never cough in the direction of someone else.&#13;
&#13;
-- Avoid sharing household items. Do not share drinking glasses, towels, eating utensils, bedding or any other items.&#13;
&#13;
-- Keep your surroundings clean. Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces like tabletops, tablets, doorknobs, bathroom fixtures, etc.&#13;
&#13;
-- Avoid using public transportation, taxis, or ride-sharing.&#13;
Campus Life will assist directly any student who remains on campus and is advised by Health Services or another health care provider of the need to relocate to a self-contained unit to self-isolate. Close contacts of individuals who are relocated for self-isolation should continue to practice social distancing unless advised otherwise by a health care provider.&#13;
&#13;
Finally, all members of the Brown community are advised to have the following items on hand out on an abundance of caution: a digital thermometer; hand sanitizer; disinfecting wipes for hard surface cleaning; water bottle; over-the-counter medications (ibuprofen or tylenol, decongestants, expectorants); and any prescription medications.&#13;
&#13;
Additional information on Self Care is available on Brown’s COVID-19 website: https://covid.brown.edu/self-care.&#13;
&#13;
Adam Pallant, MD, PhD&#13;
Clinical Director, Brown Health Services&#13;
&#13;
Vanessa Britto, MD, MSc, FACP&#13;
Associate Vice President for Campus Life, Executive Director, Health and Wellness</text>
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              <text>Cases of COVID-19 continue to increase nationally and here in our state, where the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) has now reported 54 confirmed cases. We know that this continues to be a source of concern for all of those who continue to reside in Rhode Island.&#13;
&#13;
This priority message re-states the contents of an email sent yesterday, as Brown is committed to using all available channels to communicate regarding this public health crisis.&#13;
&#13;
We’re writing to share that among the new coronavirus cases reported locally, one includes a Brown community member. However, we want to make clear that this case involves an individual who has had no contact at all with the Brown campus at any time after becoming exposed. A faculty member returned from personal travel overseas and immediately self-isolated per the state’s directive to all returning travelers. This individual never returned to campus and has not been in contact with any member of the Brown community. While self-isolating, this individual was confirmed to have COVID-19 and informed the University out of an abundance of caution. This community member is now recovering at home, and no other student, faculty or staff member has had any contact.&#13;
&#13;
Our foremost priority remains the health and safety of our community. And we have taken very important steps to minimize exposure on campus. We understand that the ongoing news reports about the spread of the virus may generate a lot of questions, and we want to share some key information about Brown’s approach to this national pandemic as cases increase nationally.&#13;
&#13;
RIDOH to manage all public health reports:&#13;
&#13;
As this public health crisis evolves, it unfortunately may not become uncommon that members of our community have exposure resulting from their personal activities away from Brown. Brown will continue to defer to RIDOH to make appropriate notification of contacts of positive cases, and Brown will not send communications to the community about positive tests. This is the appropriate public health practice being adopted also by many of our peer institutions in deference to the role of their public health agencies. This also recognizes our current remote learning and teleworking status, and that individuals may receive COVID-19 diagnoses in their activities across the country and around the world away from Brown’s physical campus.&#13;
&#13;
Contact protocol:&#13;
&#13;
Please remember that, in Rhode Island, RIDOH will communicate directly with all individuals who are deemed to be at risk given contact with a diagnosed individual in Rhode Island. If you have not been contacted, you are not considered by RIDOH as someone likely to come down with illness. For anyone with concerns about potential exposure, we encourage you to please read this March 16 letter to the Brown community:&#13;
&#13;
https://covid.brown.edu/news/2020-03-16/concerns&#13;
&#13;
Brown community members no longer in Rhode Island should become aware of the contact protocols of their local and state health agencies. As you may know, Brown does not manage this information.&#13;
&#13;
Respect for privacy:&#13;
&#13;
Finally, out of respect for privacy, we ask that if you know the identity of anyone being tested, please respect their privacy so they can focus on their health with the support of family, friends and medical providers.&#13;
&#13;
As always, additional information on Brown’s overall response is available on our COVID-19 website:&#13;
&#13;
https://covid.brown.edu/&#13;
&#13;
Please continue to take care of yourselves take steps to remain safe during this difficult time.&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely,&#13;
&#13;
Adam Pallant, MD, PhD&#13;
Clinical Director, Brown Health Services&#13;
&#13;
Vanessa Britto, MD, MSc, FACP&#13;
Associate Vice President for Campus Life, Executive Director, Health and Wellness</text>
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                  <text>This collection captures the different events announced on Today@Brown, a daily email received by all members of Brown, as screenshots.</text>
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              <text>Dr. James McDonald (RI Dept. of Health) discusses Rhode Island’s plan for reopening the state. The framework, called “Reopening RI: Charting the Course,” was announced by Governor Raimondo this past week. It describes three phases of progression and the metrics the state will monitor as indicators for when to move from one phase to the next. Dr. McDonald, Medical Director of Rhode Island's Department of Health, recently joined David Yokum, Director of The Policy Lab and Host of 30,000 Leagues, to talk about that framework, and to give a picture of what life might look like over the coming weeks and months, depending on how Covid-19 evolves.</text>
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              <text>Data released by the Rhode Island Department of Health revealed that, of the 59 percent of positive test cases where race was reported, Hispanic or Latinx residents comprise 44 percent of positive COVID-19 coronavirus test cases in the state and non-Hispanic Black or African American residents comprise 13 percent. These residents are also disproportionately represented in COVID-19-related hospitalizations, though they make up only 15 percent and 6 percent of the population of Rhode Island respectively.&#13;
&#13;
For many Providence residents like Terri Wright, a Black member of the Tenants and Homeowners Association, these numbers are not just statistics: They are a reality. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
“My family and I currently live our lives from a fifth floor apartment window,” Wright said. In Providence, 45.8 percent of the population is non-white, compared to 16.1 percent for all of Rhode Island, according to 2010 Census data. Wright said that Governor Gina Raimondo’s social distancing recommendations are nearly impossible to follow in the city.&#13;
&#13;
In the suburbs, social distancing is a different story, according to retired transit specialist Jonathan Klein. Like 90 percent of his town, Klein is white. “We always travel in our automobiles; we often live on fenced-in suburban lots; we rarely congregate outside of our smallish families except when our children attend their public schools, we attend our huge churches, or we dine out,” he wrote in an email to The Herald. With regulations in place, schools and churches are now virtual, and dining out has transitioned to contactless pick-up, he added in a follow-up email.&#13;
&#13;
But Wright, a mother of five, said that staying inside takes a toll on four of her kids. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Her fifth child, considered an essential worker, doesn’t stay home. “She does 15-hour shifts,” Wright said. “It’s either here or work. It’s tough but she’s doing it.”&#13;
&#13;
People of color are more likely to have low-wage service jobs that are deemed essential, such as “driving buses, working in hospitals and working in grocery stores,” according to Ira Wilson, chair of health services, policy and practice at the School of Public Health. These jobs are much more likely to cause exposure to COVID-19, he added. Data from The Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that 29.9 percent of white workers and 37 percent of Asian workers have the ability to work from home in the United States. Only 19.7 percent of Black or African American workers and 16.2 percent of Hispanic or Latinx workers have that option. &#13;
&#13;
Additionally, Wilson said essential workers of color are less likely to be able to afford to stay home from work. In the United States, the median value of wealth is over eight times lower for both Hispanic or Latinx individuals and non-Hispanic Black or African Americans, according to the Tax Policy Center. Without savings, Wilson said that taking even a month off from work is often “just not a possibility.”&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Wilson said there is also a “gross insufficiency of personal protective equipment” for essential workers that would help prevent infection from spreading. &#13;
&#13;
Wright agreed. “There are no facemasks, no supplies for the communities hardest hit,” she said. She struggles to find the disinfectant she needs to wipe down doors after her daughter comes home from work, and said that stores have “no hand sanitizer, no disinfectant and no rubbing alcohol to make your own hand sanitizer.”&#13;
&#13;
Marcela Betancur, director of the Latino Policy Institute, is concerned about the hidden effects of the pandemic on the undocumented community. Since these individuals are not eligible for government stimulus checks or unemployment benefits, she believes they are particularly vulnerable to a loss of income. &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In addition, Betancur said that many undocumented individuals do not have access to healthcare and may hesitate to go to hospitals due to fear of deportation. She added that RIDOH is not collecting the legal status of individuals when recording positive coronavirus tests, hospitalizations and fatalities — making it more difficult to see any underlying trends. &#13;
&#13;
In response, Betancur said that The Latino Policy Institute has been working with the Immigration Coalition of Rhode Island to notify undocumented individuals that they can access free testing and treatment. They have also been distributing “resources and information for our immigrant community and our communities of color, so they know what are they eligible to actually receive and how (to) do it.” &#13;
&#13;
At the state level, Gov. Raimondo has created an advisory group to discuss locations for additional testing sites and ways to increase communication between RIDOH and vulnerable communities, as well as other “critical questions,” according to RIDOH Spokesperson Joseph Wendelken. He added that the state has created testing sites that can be accessed without cars or other forms of transportation.&#13;
&#13;
Wendelken also noted that the Governor has established a coronavirus response&#13;
&#13;
team dedicated to health equity. This team has been working with Health Equity Zones and the Commission for Health Advocacy and Equity to adjust contact tracing methods “to make sure that our language capacities meet the needs of Rhode Island.” One in five Rhode Island residents speak a language other than English at home, according to the Rhode Island State Data Center.&#13;
&#13;
Despite significant overrepresentation of people of color in positive test cases and hospitalizations, data from RIDOH suggests that they are not overrepresented in COVID-19 fatalities, with fatalities affecting non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic Black or African American Rhode Islanders at slightly higher rates relative to their population size.&#13;
&#13;
Wilson said that the likely reason for such a high mortality rate for non-Hispanic white Rhode Islanders could be their much higher average age of those affected. Data from RIDOH suggests that 44 percent of non-Hispanic white Rhode Islanders with positive tests are over the age of 60, compared with 18 percent of non-Hispanic Black or African Americans and 12 percent of Hispanic or Latinx residents. Since COVID-19 is more likely to be fatal in older individuals, age differences can drastically affect mortality rates. &#13;
&#13;
Without accounting for age, Wilson suggested the risk of hospitalization and death could be higher for people of color because of the higher prevalence of pre-existing conditions such as obesity and a history of smoking, which are both partially caused by stressors that minorities are more likely to face, he noted. These stressors include physical danger, air and noise pollution, lower-quality schools, limited access to grocery stores and less money in savings, Wilson added, which have “very serious physiological consequences.”&#13;
&#13;
In an email to The Herald, Professor of Environment and Sociology at the University Timmons Roberts warned that COVID-19 could still “leave lasting health impacts” for the many people of color who recover. He said that the science remains unclear as to whether young people who get the disease will suffer from long-term health effects.&#13;
&#13;
In addition to health consequences, Wilson said the long-term economic effects of the pandemic for people of color will be “utterly devastating.” Because the federal government is already at a deficit and states cannot legally go into debt, “the downstream consequences of this” will likely lead to “cutting back entitlements and the cutting back a lot of public services, from food to housing to education.” &#13;
&#13;
“The people that have no resources are going to suffer,” Wilson said. “So all of the preconditions that caused underrepresented minorities, Black, Hispanic and many others to experience the adverse effects of COVID-19 disproportionately are just going to be worsened.”&#13;
&#13;
At the Tenants and Homeowners Association, Wright is already anticipating an uptick in calls as tenants struggle to pay their monthly rent. &#13;
&#13;
Now, “the injustice that we already knew about is being televised,” she said. But Wright believes “it shouldn’t take a national emergency” for health disparities to make headlines. “We want the same health as someone else who doesn’t live in the inner city.” &#13;
&#13;
“I’m looking forward to a new America,” Wright added.</text>
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